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br Experimental br Acknowledgements This work was financiall
2021-11-25

Experimental Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Ministry of Knowledge and Economy (10032113) and Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (20100000297). Introduction To ensure accurate chromosome segregation, cohesion between sister chromatids must be maintained u
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The action of niacin in upregulating cAMP is most
2021-11-24

The action of niacin in upregulating cAMP is most likely determined by the milieu of adenylyl cyclase isoforms expressed in macrophages that are responsive to GPR109A activation. Several adenylyl cyclase isoforms, namely AC2, AC4 and AC7, are responsive to the stimulatory action of Gβγ G-protein sub
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br Methods br Results and discussion Protein analysis of com
2021-11-24

Methods Results and discussion Protein analysis of commonly used cell lines (C6, D54-MG, U87, U251 and STTG1) reveals high 3466 of SXC (Cho and Bannai, 1990, Ye et al., 1999, de Groot et al., 2005, Lyons et al., 2007, Savaskan et al., 2008). Since protein expression can be altered over time i
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Ionotropic glutamate receptors GluRs are
2021-11-24

Ionotropic glutamate receptors (GluRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate information processing at the majority of excitatory synapses in the brain and participate in such physiological processes as learning and memory, development and maintenance of cellular connections, and pain perceptio
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GSK2194069 GKRP binds to the inactive super
2021-11-24

GKRP binds to the inactive, super-open conformation of GCK, acting as a competitive inhibitor of glucose association with the enzyme (Fig. 3) [45]. Upon formation of the inhibitory complex with GKRP, GCK is sequestered into the hepatocyte nucleus [48]. The detailed mechanism by which GKRP mediates t
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To synthesize the azaindole based compound
2021-11-24

To synthesize the 7-azaindole based compound , Suzuki coupling of 6-chloro-7-azaindole with 4-CFO-phenylboronic SU6656 was carried out in the presence of Pd(dppf)Cl·CHCl to supply biaryl in quantitative yield (). Iodination at the C-3 position resulted 3-iodo-7-azaindazole . Alkylation of the -1
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The waiting time for first arrival
2021-11-24

The waiting time for first arrival of 88 3 into the dense fraction of 3–4 min at the normal chloride conductance, and about 30 min with inhibition to about 10% of the normal value, signifies that the Gardos channels in the activated cells become maximally or near maximally activated, corresponding
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br Conflict of interest br Transparency document br Acknowle
2021-11-24

Conflict of interest Transparency document Acknowledgements We acknowledge our funding sources from the American Heart Association (13EIA4480016) and the National Institute of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (RO1 HL094414). We are very grateful to Dr. Shaohua Xiao and Dr. S
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Among sensitizers tested in the
2021-11-24

Among 22 sensitizers tested in the previous study, six test chemicals were pre- or pro-haptens (Nepal et al., 2018a). Among 6 chemicals, hydroquinone and 2-aminophenol, strong sensitizers, were falsely classified as non-sensitizers due to the lack of metabolic activation (Nepal et al., 2018a). Liter
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Zn is the second most abundant trace
2021-11-24

Zn2+ is the second most abundant trace metal in many cells and neurons in the brain. It regulates cellular functions such as gene expression, epigenetic enzymatic activity, protein structural stability, and neuronal plasticity. Zn2+ is particularly abundant in the cortex and limbic system, including
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FFAs concentration response curves for increasing intracellu
2021-11-24

FFAs concentration–response curves for increasing intracellular calcium and receptor phosphorylation showed a difference of ≈1 order of magnitude indicating a relatively large receptor reserve, which is expected for a transfected model, and that high receptor occupancy is necessary to induce recepto
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br Role of funding source br Conflict of interest br
2021-11-24

Role of funding source Conflict of interest Acknowledgements We thank F. Blaskovits and P. Kesner for technical assistance. This project was supported by operating grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) to X. Zhang (MOP123249) and the National Natural Science Foundati
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br Formation of secretory vesicles
2021-11-24

Formation of secretory vesicles and trafficking toward plasma membrane Insulin and other components of the secretory granules are sorting and providing certain cues for GSK256066 mg off the adjacent TGN membrane, forming immature secretory clathrin coated vesicles (Gehart and Ricci, 2013). Bin/Am
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The first phase of insulin secretion is due to calcium
2021-11-24

The first phase of insulin secretion is due to calcium signaling because of glucose sensing, increased cytoplasmic ATP levels, cellular depolarization, calcium influx and activation of calcium sensing molecules that eventually causes the fusion of the insulin granules to plasma membrane (exocytosis)
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In summary tail vein injection of mmLDL activated
2021-11-24

In summary, tail vein injection of mmLDL activated the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, leading to increased serum concentrations and increased vascular wall expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and may cause increased expression of vascular smooth muscle ETB receptors and the ETB receptor-mediated contractile
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